LC-MS-based metabolite profiling of aqueous garlic (Allium sativum L.) bulb ex-tract:

Abstract

Garlic (Allium sativum) is a well-known plant as a natural product source as a spice and medicinal plant. However, garlic also become attention in agriculture due to its potential for the allelopathy effect which beneficial in cropping by its allelochemicals. This study aims to identify potential compounds with allelopathic effects in macerated garlic bulb extract using a distilled water solution. Analysis was conducted using LC-MS instrumentation with ethanol as the mobile phase. The results revealed 79 compounds detected and classified into 12 phytochemical groups. Organosulfur compounds were the main group. Ten of 29 organosulfur compounds have demonstrated the potential to function as allelochemicals. These compounds were ajoene, allicin, alliin, allyl methyl sulfide, diallyl disulfide, diallyl sulfide, diallyl trisulfide, dimethyl disulfide, dimethyl sulfide, and dipropyl disulfide. Alliin and allicin were the two most abundant organosulfur compounds, with percentage compositions of 9.286% and 6.986%, respectively. Future studies may explore the potency of other phytoconstituents detected in garlic extract for the allelopathic effect.